According to the Standard Model of particle physics, there are four fundamental interactions that define the physical world, from children's playfulness to the structure of galaxies billions of light-years away: electromagnetism, strong and weak interactions between subatomic particles, and gravity. The first three could also be associated with a particle mediating the forces, while in the case of gravity, it is questionable whether we will find such a thing, or whether it is just a curvature of space-time rather than a fundamental curvature. interaction. Ideas to solve the latter problem and capture the supposed graviton are constantly popping up, the latest of which we reported on about a month ago.
In addition, there are some observable phenomena in the workings of the universe that science has not yet been able to explain, such as dark energy, or dark matter, which makes up 85 percent of the universe. One possible solution is the fifth reaction. In 1986, it was thought to be an anti-gravitational force, at the turn of the millennium as a substance, in 2015 a potential particle emerged at the MTA's Wenger Physics Research Center, and last summer, scientists at Fermilab in Chicago saw strange differences in the behavior of muons. It should not be excluded: it is the fifth reaction, according to the opinion of a large group of physicists
The proposal published in the journal Nature in September would add a new item to the above list. According to Yu Dai Cai, a researcher at the Los Alamos Research Center, we can discover the fifth force through careful analysis of the orbits of asteroids approaching Earth and their anomalies.
There are many potentially threatening asteroids approaching our planet, and we do not know about them all. However, there are a few for which we have very precise data.
Look, look at space!
Discovered in 1999, Bennu was recently visited by the OSIRIS-REx probe and a sample of it returned to Earth. As NASA deals with all of this, Bennu becomes the asteroid with the most precise orbit, and radar and optical orbit data have been collected for several decades.
However, the journey of OSIRIS-REx is not over yet, as it is still in operation, thanks to taxpayers' money by extending its mission to visit another dangerous asteroid, Apophis, in 2029. As a result, apart from Bennu, we also have accurate data on Orbit of Apophis. If a fifth interaction intervenes in the path of the aforementioned celestial bodies, there is a possibility that we will recognize it.
Fifth force models are mostly based on Jokava interactions. Professor Hideki Gokawa described the binding interaction between protons and neutrons as early as 1935 – this was superseded by the strong interaction that followed later results. However, the theoretical framework in which the Japanese physicist described the influential forces was very influential, and that is why it will return after a century. (It is also worth noting that Gokawa received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1949 for predicting the existence of pions.)
The fifth interaction has so far been investigated in particle accelerators around the world, but the new physics may be out there in space. Studying celestial objects can contribute to this, for example, by helping to determine the likely mass of the dark boson we are looking for.
We find that tracking asteroids can be a valuable tool for searching for lightweight bosons, dark matter, or many extensions of the Standard Model.
Tsai's research colleague, Sunny Vagnozzi, an assistant professor at the University of Trento, confirmed.
Analysis of the orbits of celestial bodies has already led to serious discoveries. The planet Neptune, for example, was discovered in 1846 based on its disturbing influence on the orbit of Uranus. It is also true that the planet Vulcanus was found to orbit between Mercury and the Sun in a similar way, which later turned out not to actually exist.
(Futurism, Popular Mechanics, The universe today)
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