The cheetah Usain Bolt and the loudest rapper Eminem also participate in the speed competition, but let's not forget the fastest woman on Earth, Jessie Combs, who died 5 years ago when she set the speed record with her rocket car at 841 km/h. On the other hand, neutrinos and photons are likely to deflect the palm.
In a vacuum, light travels at a speed of about 300,000 kilometers per second. So far, nothing has exceeded this incredible speed, but the question is whether light is light does it fit? To the category of thing? If we are talking about paro, can it be a concept or an object? Physicists don't entirely agree with this, with some saying that since light has no mass, it doesn't matter. Others point to quantum mechanics, according to which light is both a wave and a particle, and particles are objects.
According to John Matthews, a physicist at the University of Utah, particles called photons are the fastest in space, but once a photon reaches Earth's atmosphere, it slows down slightly. According to Matthews, like photons, not all particles are slowed down by the atmosphere.
Particles oh my god
Matthews and his colleagues discovered several very fast particles that come from very high-energy cosmic rays, or subatomic particles, that rain down on Earth from space. One of these particles Oh, my God It was discovered in 1991 by a cosmic ray of enormous energy.
These particles begin to approach the speed of light in a vacuum. When it reaches the Earth's atmosphere, it continues to accelerate. In the atmosphere, they exceed the speed of light, but they are not the peak carriers, but neutrinos. That's according to Justin Vandenbroucke, a particle physicist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. the Oh, my God It is likely a proton, or at least a proton-like one, with a fairly large mass, especially compared to a neutrino, which has a mass at least 10 billion times smaller. In theory, neutrinos are very fast, but they are difficult to measure. Furthermore, they were originally considered massless because their speed was equal to the speed of light within the limits of measurement accuracy, but according to Einstein's theory of relativity, only objects with no rest mass can move at that speed.
In an experiment that lasted for years in Antarctica, this happened ice Cube At the Neutrino Observatory, physicists placed detectors in a one-cubic kilometer piece of ice. The international team of scientists (about 300 physicists from 14 countries) is monitoring the depths of the Antarctic ice and searching for neutrinos, which could explain gamma-ray bursts, black holes and neutron stars. Inside the ice, a neutrino with enough energy can travel faster than light.
When a high-energy neutrino collides with an atomic nucleus in ice, it can produce charged subatomic particles that move faster than light.
These fast particles produce Cherenkov radiation, which occurs when charged particles such as electrons move faster than light in a given medium. This is accompanied by a flash of light, so that the neutrino becomes detectable.
In 2016, IceCube scientists discovered the highest-energy neutrino, the fastest particle ever observed. Vandenbroucke's calculations define speed as the number 9: If something is moving at 99.99% of the speed of light, it has four digits 9. The ultrafast neutrino discovered in 2016 would have a thirty-three second 9, and an omg particle somewhere between twenty and four Twenty-nine seconds. In comparison, the fastest particle speed achieved at man-made particle accelerators such as CERN's Large Hadron Collider is only seven nine-seconds.
More human things
Japan's SCMaglev high-speed train reached a speed of 552 km/h in 1999, and in 2015 it already showed a speed of 603 km/h, but it was never allowed to run at that speed. The Japanese government set the permissible speed of trains to 320 km/h. For safety reasons.
However, the Parker Probe, which left Earth in August 2018 to approach and study the Sun, also deserves a mention. In 2021, its speed reached 532 thousand kilometers per hour. He covered a distance of more than 140 kilometers in one second, allowing him to reach the moon from Earth in 43 minutes. Maybe the future will be such that instead of a physics lesson, the school will start a trip to the moon?
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