Scientists have finally discovered why we get sick more often in the winter

Soon the season of the aforementioned diseases comes, and the sneezing, sniffling and blowing of your nose begins; As if they are sounding the alarm about viruses with unpleasant symptoms that often leave them bedridden for days. However, scientists recently discovered that the issue goes beyond cold weather There are also biological reasons The reason why more people suffer from respiratory diseases in winter.

Temperature is an important factor

The latest test results conducted by American researchers are the first on the basis of which doctors have a biological and molecular explanation for the fact that the common cold is caused by Innate immune responses Standing, which appears to be a Affected by cold temperatures – Requesting otolaryngologists and head and neck surgeons to submit the study to the research.

According to the document, if so The temperature inside the nose decreases by only 5 degrees Celsius, Nearly 50 percent of the billions of beneficial bacteria and viruses in the nostrils are killed.

This is why nose blowing plays an important role

According to researchers, the problem begins with pathogens that cause respiratory diseases entering our noses. But the medical team interested in the subject discovered that the front part of the nose immediately detects virus and bacteria germs, before these invaders escape to the back of the nose. At this point, the cells lining our noses start working immediately to create billions of simple copies of themselves, any to extracellular vesicles Or called EVs.

Our body immediately begins to defend itself against the influenza virus that enters our noseBSIB/Getty Images Hungary

These extracellular vesicles cannot divide like cells, but they function similarly, so they are like mini versions of cells that specifically Kill these invading viruses – The doctors explained in their description, adding: EVs act as a bait, so when we inhale the virus, it sticks to these baits, not to the cells.

According to doctors, this is one, if not the only, part of the immune system that leaves the body fight bacteria and viruses, before they actually enter the body. Once dispersed into nasal secretions, billions of extracellular vesicles begin to destroy pathogens invading our noses.

The more we blow our noses, the faster we get rid of virusesphiladendron/Getty Images Hungary

We have to imagine this process as when The attack hits the hornet’s nest. What happens next? It may happen that only a few wasps fly out, but when they really sense danger, almost all of them fly out of the nest to launch a counterattack to prevent the intruder from entering the wasp nest. Our body also uses a similar method to eliminate inhaled viruses, so that they can never enter cells.

Using a mask helps the defense mechanism

If pathogens get into our noses, according to science, the production of extracellular vesicles in our olfactory organ increases by 160 percent. Researchers noticed this, too There were many receptors on the surface of electric vehicles, As in the original cells, thus enhancing the ability of billions of extracellular vesicles in the nose to stop viruses.

By using a mask, we not only exclude influenza viruses, but also keep the nasal cavity warmOlli Skarfe/Getty Images Hungary

The body’s cells also contain a virus killer called micro-RNA, which attacks invading bacteria. The study found that it is EVs in the nose are 13 times more They contain micro-RNA sequences like normal cells. So the nose is actually extra Armed with supernatural powers Comes to the “battle”. But what happens to these benefits when cold weather comes?

Researchers have found that when our nose is exposed to cold air and its internal temperature drops, we lose the benefit detailed above. Actually one A slight cooling of the tip of the nose is sufficient It takes approximately 42 percent of the extracellular vesicles out of the “fight.” In this case, the receptors on individual vesicles can decrease by up to 70 percent, thus becoming less sticky.

for this reason Masks cover our mouth and nose Not only do they protect us from direct inhalation of viruses, but they also keep our noses warm. So The warmer we keep the environment inside the nose, the more The better the innate immune defense mechanism works.

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