Scientists have long believed that the quark-gluon plasma that formed after the big bang was in a gaseous state, but it now turns out that it was wrong.

A new study reveals hitherto unknown details of the big bang: A study by experts at the University of Copenhagen provides insight into the beginnings of properties of a substance called the quark-gluon plasma. Scientists about their findings a Physics letters b It was mentioned in the scientific journal.

About 14 billion years ago, the universe was denser and hotter, and then it began to expand dramatically, a process called the Big Bang. This rapid expansion created particles, atoms, stars, galaxies and life as they are known today, but the details remain unknown. “We studied a substance called quark-gluon plasma (QGP) that was present in the first microseconds of the Big Bang. Our results reveal how the plasma was formed in the early stages of the universe,” said Yu Zhuo, a professor at the Niels Bohr Institute. At the University of Copenhagen.

The plasma, made of quarks and gluons, was broken up by the hot expansion of the universe. The quarks’ pieces have clumped together in what are called hadrons. The hadron forms a proton of three quarks that are part of the nuclei. “These cores are the basic building blocks that make up the Earth, us, and the universe around us,” Chu stressed.

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QGP was present in the first 0.000001 seconds of the Big Bang and then disappeared due to expansion. With the help of the Large Hadron Collider at the Geneva-based European Institute of Particle Physics (CERN), researchers were able to recreate this first matter in history and track what happened to it.

The collider collides with plasma ions at nearly the speed of light. With this, we can see how QGP became the core of atoms and the building block of life. Through the Hadron Collider, researchers also developed an algorithm that allows analyzing the co-expansion of more molecules than ever before.

The results showed that the QGP was initially in a liquid state and then constantly changed its shape.

Experts have long believed that plasma exists in a gaseous form, but the new results indicate that QGP was in a liquid state and had a soft, smooth texture similar to water. “The new information we provide is that the shape of the plasma has changed over time, which is very surprising and different from any known material,” said Chu.

While this may seem like a small detail, it gets you one step closer to solving the Big Bang riddle and understanding how the universe was formed in the first microsecond. It took twenty years for us to realize that the quark-gluon plasma was liquid before it became the building block of life. Therefore, the new knowledge of the ever-changing behavior of plasma represents a major advance for us, the expert added.

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